The semi permeable membrane passes water in preference to the solute that is dissolved in water; thus the majority of solute is left behind to form a more concentrated stream.
The process of reverse osmosis is not the same as filtration. Filtration is the removal of particulates by size exclusion. Particulates are removed by filtration because they are too large to fit through physical pores in the filter media, where as water molecules can readily fit through the pores.
Reverse osmosis is also a process of separation. The feed water stream is separated into a stream of purified water and a stream of concentrated solutes and particulates. This is as compared to standard filtration where the entire feed stream passes through the membrane pores, leaving the particulates embedded in the filter media.
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